Humidity and condensation basics

How relative humidity, dew point, and cold surfaces interact in unheated spaces, and what DHT22 probes can and cannot tell you.

Fern-like frost crystals covering a dark window pane
Frost patterns form when moist air meets a surface below freezing. Photo: Muffet / Flickr. CC BY 2.0

Garage monitoring pairs temperature with relative humidity because both drive comfort, corrosion, and mold risk. Condensation appears when humid air contacts a surface colder than the dew point, not when a humidity percentage alone crosses an arbitrary line. Probes measure the air pocket around the sensor; they do not directly detect water on a concrete floor unless that surface heats or cools the nearby air measurably.

Diagram showing warm humid air meeting a cold garage floor and releasing condensation
Condensation forms when air cools to its dew point against a colder surface such as an uninsulated slab.

Relative humidity versus dew point

A DHT22 reports **relative humidity (%RH)** at the current air temperature. The same moisture content feels “wetter” when air is cold because %RH rises as temperature drops. For freeze-season storage, track both temp and humidity together: DHT22 overview explains accuracy limits.

After door openings on humid summer days, expect a humidity spike as outdoor air mixes in. If the slab stays cold from thermal mass, condensation can form even when the probe reads moderate %RH at chest height.

What probes miss

  • Surface temperature of tools, cars, and pipes, often colder than air at night.
  • Microclimates behind shelving where air stagnates: use multi-zone layout.
  • Short spikes during door events that averages smooth away in history.

Practical monitoring habits

Compare door-adjacent and interior zones via probe labels. Review overnight minimums in history charts during shoulder seasons when slab and air temps diverge most.